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Blood Pressure Percentiles, 2 to 17 years (2004 standard)

 

Input
 

Sex	Female
	Male
Age		mo yr
Height		cm inch in mm m
Systolic BP		Pascal cmH2O mmHg torr
Diastolic BP		Pascal cmH2O mmHg torr

 
Results
 
Important: Inputs must be complete to perform calculation.

 

Height Percentile		% fraction percent rate ratio
Systolic BP Percentile		% fraction percent rate ratio
Diastolic BP Percentile		% fraction percent rate ratio
Threshold for Stage II hypertension* (defined as 99th percentile plus 5 mmHg)
SBP Threshold		Pascal cmH2O mmHg torr
DBP Threshold		Pascal cmH2O mmHg torr
Decimal Precision   0 1 2 3

 

     
 
Include literature references: Yes   No

 

Systolic BP Percentile Interpretation

 

Percentile < 90:	Normal Systolic Blood Pressure
Percentile >= 90 and < 95:	Prehypertensive Systolic Blood Pressure
Percentile >= 95:	Hypertensive Systolic Blood Pressure

 

 

Diastolic BP Percentile Interpretation

 

Percentile < 90:	Normal Diastolic Blood Pressure
Percentile >= 90 and < 95:	Prehypertensive Diastolic Blood Pressure
Percentile >= 95:	Hypertensive Diastolic Blood Pressure

 

 

 

 

Notes

• This calculator is based on the United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) growth reference.
• In this calculator, the subject's blood pressure percentiles are based on age and height percentile.
• Stage I hypertension is defined as either Systolic BP or Diastolic BP between the 95th percentile and the 99th percentile plus 5 mmHg.
• Stage II hypertension is defined as either Systolic BP or Diastolic BP greater than the 99th percentile plus 5 mmHg.
• Children and adolescents whose BP exceeds 120/80 mmHg are also considered prehypertensive.
• At the extremes (>97^th percentile or <3^rd percentile), small differences in percentiles represent clinically important differences. At these extremes, the Z-score is a more precise reflection of how far the measurement deviates from the mean and is a useful tool for tracking changes.
• LMS data used in this calculator are shown in the data table below.
• For all LMS tables, the row in the table corresponding to the patient-specific value is found in the first column of the table; values to be used for L (the Box-Cox power), M (the median), and S (the generalized coefficient of variation) in the equation for Z-score are retrieved.
• Z-scores may be used to do a table lookup for the corresponding percentile in the Normal table percentiles for Z-score table (below). Numbers along the left side (Y-axis) of the table represent the first number and first decimal place of the Z-score, while the numbers along the top (X-axis) of the table represent the second decimal position of the Z-score.

 
Equations used
 

Height Z-score = ((Height/M)L - 1) / (L * S)

HeightPercentile = ZtoPercentile(HeightZ)

 

 

References

1. National High Blood Pressure Education Program Working Group on High Blood Pressure in Children and Adolescents. The fourth report on the diagnosis, evaluation, and treatment of high blood pressure in children and adolescents. Pediatrics. 2004 Aug;114(2 Suppl 4th Report):555-76. PubMed ID: 15286277
2. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Health Statistics. Clinical growth charts. https://www.cdc.gov/growthcharts/clinical_charts.htm (Accessed on June 26, 2023).

 

Associated Medical Subject Headings [MeSH]
 

Adolescent,   Anthropometry,   Antihypertensive Agents,   Auscultation,   Blood Pressure Determination,   Body Height,   Child,   Comorbidity,   Diagnosis,   Differential,   Female,   Humans,   Hyperinsulinism,   Hyperlipidemias,   Hypertension,   Life Style,   Male,   Mass Screening,   National Institutes of Health (U.S.),   Obesity,   Physical Examination,   Physician's Practice Patterns,   Population Surveillance,   Preschool,   Prevalence,   Reference Values,   Renovascular,   School Health Services,   Sleep Apnea Syndromes

 

Associated Logical Observation Identifiers Names and Codes [LOINC]
 

Parameter	LOINC's and Suggested Units
Age	21612-7 : yr      21612-7 : yr      21612-7 : years      30525-0 : Years old      30525-0 : yr      30525-0 : years
Height	8302-2 : cm      8301-4 : cm      3137-7 : cm      91370-7 : cm      3138-5 : cm
Systolic BP	8480-6 : mmHg
Diastolic BP	8462-4 : mmHg
Systolic BP Percentile	72165-4 : %
Diastolic BP Percentile	72164-7 : %

 
This material contains content from LOINC® (http://loinc.org). The LOINC table, LOINC codes, and LOINC panels and forms file are copyright © 1995-2014, Regenstrief Institute, Inc. and the Logical Observation Identifiers Names and Codes (LOINC) Committee and available at no cost under the license at http://loinc.org/terms-of-use.